The consensus layer will synchronize the chain state across the network, while the execution layer handles transactions and block production. Before the upgrade, users had to participate in an open auction for their transactions to be picked up by a miner. This process is known as a “first-price auction,” and https://active-bookmarks.com/story16980410/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0-bitcoin-calculator